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Chariton River
The Chariton River is a 〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed May 26, 2011〕 tributary to the Missouri River in southeast Iowa and northeast Missouri. The river forms in southeastern Clarke County, Iowa. It is dammed at Rathbun Reservoir in Appanoose County, Iowa and then flows before entering Missouri where it forms the boundary between Putnam and Schuyler counties. It enters the Missouri River in Chariton County near Keytesville. are in Missouri and are in Iowa.〔 The river has been called Missouri's "Grand Divide" because streams west of the Chariton flow into the Missouri and streams east of it flow into the Mississippi River.〔(Chariton River Watershed - Missouri Department of Conservation )〕
==History==
The river is believed to have been named for Joseph Chorette, who drowned while swimming in the river as he accompanied the French Jean Baptiste Trudeau expedition up the Missouri in 1795. Variations of the name are Choret, Care and Carrette.〔(Missouri Secretary of State Origin of County Names )〕 Human occupation of the Chariton River valley dates back at least 1,500 years. Petroglyphs found at Thousand Hills State Park near the Chariton in Adair County featuring ceremonial carvings by Native Americans indicate early habitation as do a number of burial mounds found not far from the riverbanks. The petroglyph site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Chariton the Confessor was a 4th century CE Christian saint from Asia Minor.
White settlement along the river began in the early 1820s as pioneers ventured up the valley from Howard County, Missouri. With a few notable exceptions the interaction with the native Sac-Fox and Iowa tribes was peaceful. The tribes primarily used northern Missouri areas along the river as hunting grounds and not for permanent residence. A misunderstanding between settlers and Chief Big Neck and a party of Iowa hunters in July, 1829 led to a conflict known as the Big Neck War. The Sac-Fox had ceded all hunting rights to northern Missouri in 1825, but Big Neck and his band of Iowa refused to acknowledge the transaction. A few brief skirmishes between the Big Neck and Missouri militia were fought, the biggest being at a location known as "Battle Creek" in what is now southern Schuyler County, Missouri.〔A Book Of Adair County History, page 34-36. Published 1976 by The Kirksville-Adair County Bicentennial Committee〕 Except for a brief period during the Black Hawk War immigration into the Chariton river valley increased rapidly during the 1830s and 1840s with several counties being formed and communities being established on or near the river in both Missouri and Iowa. As had the Native Americans before them, early settlers found an area rich with game for hunting, ample fish in the river, and large stands of timber.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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